Which type of information is generally excluded from a professional resume?

The inclusion of religion and emergency contacts in a professional resume is generally discouraged because such information is not relevant to a potential employer's assessment of a candidate's professional qualifications. A resume is intended to showcase skills, experiences, and qualifications that directly pertain to the job being applied for. Including personal details such as religious affiliation can lead to biases or assumptions that have no bearing on an individual's capability to perform the job.

In contrast, educational background, contact information, and skills and talents are critical components of a resume, as they provide essential information needed for employers to understand the candidate's qualifications and how they can be reached for further communication. Therefore, this option stands out as the type of information typically excluded from a professional resume.